Direct speech "I play football" "I am playing football" "I have played football" "I played football" "I was playing football" "I had played football" "I had been playing football" "I will play football" "I can play football"
Reported speech He said (that) he played football He said (that) he was playing football He said (that) he had played football He said (that) he had played football He said (that) he had been playing football He said (that) he had played football He said (that) he had been playing football He said (that) he would play football He said (that) he could play football
1. In reported speech, we usually report what was said at a different time, and so we change the tense to reflect the time which we are reporting: DIRECT SPEECH: "I'm not playing football." REPORTED LATER: He said that he wasn't playing football.
2. Sometimes we need to change the pronoun. DIRECT SPEECH: Jim: "I don't like living here." (Jim is referring to himself) REPORTED SPEECH: Jim said (that) he didn't like living here. (the pronoun he refers to Jim)
3. We may also need to change other words about place and time. DIRECT SPEECH: "I like this car." REPORTED SPEECH: He said (that) he liked the car.
DIRECT SPEECH: "I went to Tokyo last week." REPORTED SPEECH: She said (that) she'd been to Tokyo the week before.
Functions and examples
We use reported speech to tell someone what another person said. Jim says to you... "I don't feel well." "I can't drive." "My parents have gone on holiday." "I'm going out now so you will have to wait until I get back."
You tell your friend what Jim said... Jim said (that) he didn't feel well. He said (that) he couldn't drive. He said (that) his parents had gone on holiday. He said (that) he was going out now so I would have to wait until he got back.
Important points
1. If we report something which is still true, it is not necessary to change the verb. DIRECT SPEECH: "My car is bigger than yours." REPORTED SPEECH: He said his car is / was bigger than mine.
2. When we are reporting past tenses, and we see the events from the same viewpoint as the original speaker, it is not necessary to change the tense. DIRECT SPEECH: "The earthquake happened at half past seven." REPORTED SPEECH: The radio said that the earthquake happened at half past seven.
3. Modal verbs could, might, would, should, ought, had better usually do not change in reported speech. DIRECT SPEECH: "I should go to the dentist." REPORTED SPEECH: He said that he should go to the dentist.
Dear students (BOOK I - Lesson 5/06:15 pm - 2011), the following is some information about Juscelino Kubitscheck to help you answer the question of the Book. Please, click on "comment" after the post, and leave a comment to show me that you have read it. Good luck and contact me if you have any questions. - Andréa Parrode.
JUSCELINO KUBITSCHECK: (JK) (September 12, 1902 – August 22, 1976) was a prominent Brazilian politician who was President of Brazil from 1956 to 1961. He was born in Diamantina, Minas Gerais, and died in 1976. His term was marked by relative economic prosperity and political stability, being most known by the construction of a new capital, Brasília.
Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira was born on September 12, 1902 into a poor family, in the town of Diamantina in Minas Gerais.
He graduated as a as a physician (medical doctor) at the University of Minas Gerais. He worked at the surgery clinic of the Santa Casa de Misericordia in Belo Horizonte and then studied for two years in hospitals in Paris, Vienna, and Berlin. He returned to Brazil and established his own practice in Belo Horizonte, the same year he married Sarah Gomes de Lemos. However, he soon entered politics, and was elected to the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil from his home state (Minas Gerais) in 1934. However, with the advent of Getúlio Vargas' Estado Novo in 1937, Kubitschek was forced to return to practicing medicine, but in 1940, he became the mayor of Belo Horizonte.
In 1945, Kubitscheck was elected to the Federal Chamber of Deputies by PSD. In 1950, he was elected governor of Minas Gerais, again on the PSD party. As governor, he earned a considerable reputation for his efforts to develop the state's economy.
In 1955, he ran for president with the slogan "Fifty years of progress in five", and won. People say he was a great president because the economy developed and many industries were built.
On 30 Sep 1957, he signed a law moving the national capital to a new city, Brasília, which was to be built in the Goiás highlands. The most spectacular part of the Kubitschek program was the establishment of the new national capital, built 700 miles in the interior of Brazil. It was constructed in four years, and the capital was officially transferred to Brasìlia several months before the end of Kubitschek's term. A 1,400-mile road was built from Brasìlia to Belém in the delta of the Amazon.
Kubitschek left the presidential office in January of 1961. A few months later he was elected senator from the state of Goiás.
When President Goulart was overthrown by the military in April of 1964, Kubitschek lost his seat in the Senate and was banned from any political activity for 10 years. He went into voluntary exile in the United States for some time, and upon his return to Brazil in October 1965, he was placed under house arrest. He soon afterward returned to exile in the United States but, with the inauguration of the second military president early in 1967, returned home once again.
Return to Brazil and death
He returned to Brazil in 1967 but was killed in a car crash in 1976, near the city of Resende in the state of Rio de Janeiro. 350,000 mourners were present at his burial in Brasília. He is now buried in the Memorial JK, which was opened in 1981, in Brasilia.
Tiradentes (1748-1792), or José Joaquim da Silva Xavier, was a precursor of Brazilian independence and the national hero of Brazil. He led the 1789 Minas Gerais conspiracy in favor of Brazilian independence and was executed by the Portuguese.
Tiradentes
Joaquim Jose da Silva Xavier, Tiradentes, is known as Martyr of Independence, is one of the greatest heroes of Brazilian History. Tiradentes was born in 1746, in a village then called Sao Jose (today the city is called Tiradentes), state of Minas Gerais; today, the flag of Minas brings the inscription "Libertas quae sera tamem", latin for "Liberty, even if late", which was the motto of the libertarian movement led by Tiradentes.
Born in a poor family, orphan at age 11, Tiradentes was raised by a tutor, who was a surgeon. The little formal education didn't stop him from working in several fields, including dental medicine; Tiradentes means "tooth puller", a pejorative denomination adopted during the trial against him. Living in a State rich in gold, Tiradentes used the knowledge he acquired about minerals to enter the public service (he achieved the ranks of alferes, low in the hierarchy of the epoch); he was sent to missions in cities along the road between Vila Rica (the capital of Minas Gerais) and Rio de Janeiro; this road was the path followed by most of the gold sent to Portugal. Tiradentes soon noticed the exploitation to which Brazilians were submitted; he was seeing how much gold was leaving Brazil, and he knew how valuable it was.
His trips to Rio put him in contact with people who had lived in Europe and brought from there the libertarian ideas (the American colonies had become independent in 1776, and France Revolution would be in 1789). In 1788, Tiradentes met Jose Alvares Maciel, son of the governor of Vila Rica, who had just returned from England; they could compare the British industrial progress with the Brazilian colonial poverty. They created a group of freedom aspirers, led by clericals and Brazilians with some social presence, like Claudio Manoel da Costa (staff of government and important writer), Tomas Antonio Gonzaga (staff of government) and Alvarenga Peixoto (eminent businessman); the group propagated their ideas among Brazilians. At that time, Portugal was hungry for gold, to finance the Napoleonic wars; at the same time, the gold mines were entering into their decline period. The Brazilians were not meeting the yearly quota of gold which should be sent to the crown; Portugal was pressuring to collect all the due taxes. The days of payment of taxes were called derrama.
The plan of Tiradentes was, in a day of derrama (when the sentiment of revolt of Brazilians would be stronger), to take the streets of Vila Rica and proclaim the Brazilian Republic. The movement, however, was denounced to the governor, who cancelled the derrama scheduled for February of 1789 and ordered the imprisonment of the rebels. The person who denounced the movement was Joaquim Silverio dos Reis; he was a participant of the movement, and betrayed the group in exchange of waiving of his due taxes; his name is carved in Brazilian History as The Betrayer.
Tiradentes still fled to Rio, where he tried to reorganize the movement. Not knowing who had denounced the group, he went to meet Joaquim Silverio dos Reis in Rio; Tiradentes was arrested on May 10th 1789.
The trial lasted almost three years. Tiradentes assumed whole responsibility for the movement. Ten members of the group were sentenced to death; all of them - except Tiradentes - had the sentence, by mercy of the Queen, commuted from death to degradation. On April 21st 1792 (today the date is national holiday in Brazil), Tiradentes was hung in Rio de Janeiro, where today is Praca Tiradentes.
His body was broken apieces. With his blood, a document was written declaring his memory infamous. His head was exposed in Vila Rica. Pieces of his body were exposed in the cities between Vila Rica and Rio, in an attempt to scare the people who had listened to the independence ideas of Tiradentes.
Tiririca won far more votes than any other candidate
A Brazilian clown has had the last laugh by winning a seat in Congress with more votes than any other candidate in Sunday's elections.
Tiririca, or Francisco Oliveira Silva to give him his real name, was elected as a federal deputy for Sao Paulo with more than 1.3 million votes.
Tiririca, or "Grumpy", had slogans such as: "It can't get any worse."
Another celebrity winner was ex-footballer Romario, elected federal deputy for Rio de Janeiro.
Tiririca won 1,353,355 votes - well ahead of the next best-supported politician, former Rio state governor Antony Garotinho, who took more than 694,000 votes to be elected a federal deputy for the state.
Joining them in Brasilia will be Romario, the striker who helped Brazil win the 1994 World Cup. Fellow footballer and 1994 team-mate Bebeto was elected state deputy for Rio.
But the main sensation of the election campaign was Tiririca, who ran humorous campaign adverts on YouTube that attracted millions of hits.
"What does a federal deputy do? Truly, I don't know. But vote for me and I will find out for you," was one of his messages.
Corruption
Tiririca started working in a circus at the age of eight in the impoverished north-eastern state of Ceara, and is now a TV comedian.
He was one of dozens of candidates from the world of sport and showbusiness who were contesting some of the 513 seats in the lower house of Congress.
In all there were more than 6,000 candidates from 27 parties.
The way the Chamber of Deputies is formed - by an open-list proportional representation system - makes it easier for celebrity candidates to win office.
Analysts say their popularity also reflects disillusion with mainstream politicians, following numerous corruption scandals.
Tiririca's sucess could also have a bearing on other election races, as he can pass on his excess votes to other candidates in his party's coalition, which includes the governing Workers Party.
Tiririca survived a last-minute legal challenge to his candidacy amid evidence that he did not meet the literacy requirement for elected office.
However, the electoral authorities indicated he could be removed from office if he failed to show he can read and write after the election.
Brazil set for start of presidential run-off campaigns
The candidates have until 31 October to win over undecided voters
Brazil's leading presidential hopefuls are preparing to return to campaigning ahead of a second round of elections.
It comes after Dilma Rousseff, backed by outgoing President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, failed to secure the 50% of votes needed for an outright victory.
She now enters a 31 October run-off against Social Democratic Party (PSDB) candidate Jose Serra, who won 33%.
Green Party candidate Marina Silva surprised many in the first round by winning 19% of the vote.
Ms Rousseff, of the Workers Party, had been the favourite to win but official results showed she had 46.9% of votes, after apparently losing supporters to former environment minister Ms Silva.
As the results emerged, Ms Rousseff said she was confident that a second round would give her the opportunity to give more detail on her policies to reduce poverty and increase development in Brazil.
She told her supporters the party had traditionally fared well in second round elections - Mr Lula also had to contest a second round in both the 2002 and 2006 elections.
Mr Serra, who lost against Mr Lula in the 2002 run-off, told his supporters he was "going to march to victory" in the election and promised to "build a better country" if he won
SÃO PAULO, Brazil — Dilma Rousseff was leading late Sunday in her bid to be Brazil’s first female president, but election officials said she had failed to come up with enough votes to avoid a second round.
Presidential candidate of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party José Serra greeted supporters after listening to the official results in Sao Paulo on Sunday.
With about 99.6 percent of the votes counted, Ms. Rousseff, the former chief of staff of President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, had 46.8 percent of the votes to 32.6 percent for her closest rival, the former governor of São Paulo, José Serra. Ms. Rousseff needs to exceed 50 percent of the vote total to win outright.
With Ms. Rousseff coming up short, the election will now be decided with an Oct. 31 runoff. Ms. Rousseff was denied her victory by a strong showing by a third candidate, Marina Silva, the Green Party candidate and a former environmental minister, who captured more than 19 percent.
Analysts expressed little doubt that Ms. Rousseff, 62, would prevail in a second round against Mr. Serra. Despite her lack of political experience and public charm, she has ridden a wave of prosperity and good feeling in Brazil under the leadership of Mr. da Silva, whose approval ratings hover near 80 percent.
Glossary: 1) Runoff: a second election or competition that is organized when the first one does not have a winner e.g: Neithercandidatewonaclearmajority, forcingarunoff.
17) Overwhelming (adjective) -an overwhelming emotion is very strong, often so strong that you cannot think or behave normally; something that is so intense that you cannot resist it or don't know how to deal with it.
Ihadtheoverwhelmingdesiretogetupandleave.
Carol felt an overwhelming urge/desire/need to tell someone about what had happened.
* also used about things that make you feel very strong emotions;
e.g: My host family was just great. I found their kindness overwhelming.
e.g African people really appreciated the overwhelming generosity of other people around the world.
b) You can use overwhelming to emphasize that an amount or quantity is much greater than other amounts or quantities.
e.g The overwhelming majority of small businesses go broke within the first twenty-four months.
2. Someone can also be overwhelmed with/by something good or bad- (affected by strong emotion)
They were overwhelmed with/by grief when their baby died.
I was quite overwhelmed by all the flowers and letters of support I received.
Dilma was overwhelmed by feelings of remorse for what she had done.
To prevail: 1 - (sometimesfollowedbyover,against) to prove superior, to have a position of control or influence; to be the strongest influence or element in a situation:
e.g: We hope common sense prevails in Brazil and Dilma loses the elections.
- Moderate nationalists have prevailed over the radicals in the USA until now;
- Justice should always prevail.
- My mom's opinion usually prevails at home.
Fear prevails in New York despite a massive security presence.
2 - to exist at a particular time or in a particular situation
Present Perfect vs. Present Perfect Progressive - Lesson + Exercise
PRESENT PERFECT: have/has + __(past participle)__
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE: have/has + been + _(verb) ing
Use PRESENT PERFECT: -for actions not happening now -for actions already finished at this time
Use PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE: -for CONTINUING actions -for actions not finished at the moment -for actions in the recent time period
Sam has played tennis with two different teams. Is Sam playing tennis right now? 1. Yes - he's playing now. 2. No - he's not playing now.
Jeff has already finished his homework. Is Jeff doing his homework right now? 1. Yes, he is. (The action is continuing.) 2. No, he isn't. (The action is finished.)
Peter and Paul have already cleaned their room. Are they cleaning right now? 1. Yes (The action is continuing.) 2. No (The action is finished.)
Shaq has been playing for The Lakers since 1996. Does Shaq still play for the Lakers? 1. Yes, he does. (The action is continuing.) 2. No, he doesn't. (The action is finished.)
Jeff has been thinking about changing his field of study. Is he still considering changing it? 1. Yes, he is. (The action is continuing.) 2. No, he isn't. (The action is finished.)
They have been practicing English for many years. Do they still practice English? 1. Yes, they do. 2. No, they don't.
PLEASE NOTE: Sometmes it's possible to use words like WORK, PLAY, STUDY, LIVE, in either tense with no change in meaning. Compare: -Mr. Sanchez has taught English for 6 years. -Mr. Sanchez has been teaching English for 6 years.
-ICE SKATERS-
1) Nancy Kerrigan is a professional ice skater. She ____ since she was a child. A) has skated B) has been skating C) both tenses possible
2) Nancy ____ many awards for her skating. In fact, she won an Olympic medal. A) has won B) has been winning C) both possible
3) Suriya Bonaly is also an Olympic ice skater. She's from France, but she ___ in Pennsylvania and Massachussetts in the United States. A) has also lived B) has also been living C) both possible
4) Robin Cousins, a former ice skater and current commentator said this about new skater Mikkeline Kierkgaard, "She is one to watch for the future. She ___ everyone with the quality of her skating." A) has surprised B) has been surprising C) both possible
5) In addition to ice skating, Mikkeline Kierkgaard ___ high school. She gets very good marks, and she even won a prize for being the most serious student at her school, for being able to handle school and skating at the same time. A) has attended B) has been attending C) both possible
6) Brian Boytano, a 1988 Olmypic Gold medalist, ____ lately that upon retirement he will move to a farm in Napa Valley, grow grapes, and ice skate only occasionally. A) has said B) has been saying C) both possible
7) Brian ___ about opening a restaurant after he retires from skating, but he hasn't mentioned those plans lately. A) has also talked B) has also been talking C) both possible
8) Scott Hamilton is another famous ice skater. He ____ since he was 9 years old. A) has skated B) has been skating C) both possible
9) Scott was treated for testicular cancer in 1997. He successfully beat the cancer and he ____ cancer-free since that time. A) has remained B) has been remaining C) both possible
10) Scott's focus ___ from skating in competitions to being the commentator at ice shows and sporting events, but he still performs in shows occasionally. A) has changed B) has been changing C) both possible
14) To follow suit (line 87) (verb: ed) - to do the same thing as someone else (as a decision, attirude or change)
e.g: After my father decided to be a vegetarian, everybody else at home followed suit.
- When a gas station in Goiânia reduces its prices, all the others follow suit.
15) Aptitude (line 99) (noun) /ˈæptɪˌtud/- If you have an aptitude for something, you are able to learn it quickly and do it well. / natural ability that makes it easy for you to do something well.
- Alan has no aptitude for music.
16) To prevail: (prevailed/prevailed) to be the strongest influence or element in a situation
- After Obama talks to Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, we hope that common sense prevails and an agreement is reached.
- Joe was really sad to have to attend university in another town, but reason prevailed over emotion and he decided to leave his parents' house.
10) To sneak: (line 84) /v(sneaked or US ALSOsnuck, sneaked or US ALSOsnuck) - to go somewhere secretly, or to take someone or something somewhere secretly / move or go in a furtive manner:
Jan hasn't got a ticket but we are going to try to sneak her in.
The student could sneak out of the school even though Rubão had told him to stay inside the classroom.
* If you sneak something somewhere, you take it there secretly....Some bad guys try to sneak drinks into school.
11) Scheme: (/skiːm/) line 89 - an officially organized plan or system
There's a new scheme in our town for recycling plastic bottles.
The crazy woman has got a scheme to kill her rich husband and get his life insurance.
Verb: To scheme (schemed/schemed): to make clever secret plans which often deceive others, so as to gain some advantage
e.g: Cebolinha and Cascão are always scheming against Monica, as they want to steal her stuffed rabbit.
Note: To scheme against somebody or to scheme to do something.
12) Likely (opposite: unlikely) -lines 94 and 100 - describes something that will probably happen or is expected;
Structure: Somebody is likely to do something / something is likely to happen or It's likely that something will happen;
e.g: [+ that]It's quite likely that we'll be at university by 2012.
e.g: Every good student at CEI is likely to succeed in life;
13) Accurate: /ˈæk.jʊ.rət/adjective correct, exact and without any mistakes
(accurate machine, information, calculations, drawing, watches, story...)
e.g The victim could make an accurate description of the criminal.
Before you begin the verb tense lessons, it is extremely important to understand that NOT all English verbs are the same. English verbs are divided into three groups:
Group I Continuous Verbs
The first group, called "Continuous Verbs", contains most English verbs. These verbs are usually physical actions which you can see somebody doing. These verbs can be used in all tenses.
Continuous Verbs to run, to walk, to eat, to fly, to go, to say, to touch etc.
Group IINon-continuous Verbs
The second group, called "Non-continuous Verbs", is smaller. These verbs are usually things you cannot see somebody doing. These verbs are rarely used in "continuous" tenses. They include:
Abstract Verbs to be, to want, to cost, to seem, to need, to care, to contain, to owe, to exist...
Possession Verbs to possess, to own, to belong...
Emotion Verbs to like, to love, to hate, to dislike, to fear, to envy, to mind...
Examples:
He is here now. Correct He is being here now. Not Correct
He wants a drink now. Correct He is wanting a drink now. Not Correct
The third group, called "Mixed Verbs", is the smallest group. These verbs have more than one meaning. Some meanings behave like "Non-continuous Verbs", while other meanings behave like "Continuous Verbs."
Mixed Verbs to have, to appear, to see, to hear, to feel, to weigh, to look ...
List of Mixed Verbs with Examples and Definitions:
to appear:
Donna appears confused. Non-continuous Verb (Donna seems confused.)
My favorite singer is appearing at the jazz club tonight. Continuous Verb (My favorite singer is giving a performance at the jazz club tonight.)
to have:
I have a dollar now. Non-continuous Verb (I possess a dollar.)
I am having fun now. Continuous Verb (I am experiencing fun now.)
to hear:
She hears the music. Non-continuous Verb (She hears the music with her ears.)
She is hearing voices. Continuous Verb (To hear something others cannot hear. She is hearing voices in her mind.)
to miss:
John misses Sally. Non-continuous Verb (He is sad because she is not there.)
Debbie is missing her favorite TV program. Continuous Verb (She is not there to see her favorite program.)
to see:
I see her. Non-continuous Verb (I see her with my eyes.)
I am seeing the doctor. Continuous Verb (To visit or consult with a doctor, dentist, or lawyer.)
I am seeing her. Continuous Verb (I am having a relationship with her.)
He is seeing ghosts at night. Continuous Verb (To see something others cannot see. For example ghosts, aura, a vision of the future etc.)
to smell:
The coffee smells good. Non-continuous Verb (The coffee has a good smell.)
I am smelling the flowers. Continuous Verb (I am sniffing the flowers.)
to taste:
The coffee tastes good. Non-continuous Verb (The coffee has a good taste.)
I am tasting the cake. Continuous Verb (I am trying the cake to see what it tastes like.)
to think:
He thinks the test is easy. Non-continuous Verb (He considers the test to be easy.)
She is thinking about the question. Continuous Verb (She is pondering the question, going over it in her mind.)
to weigh:
The table weighs a lot. Non-continuous Verb (The table has a great weight.)
She is weighing herself. Continuous Verb (She is determining her weight.)
Some Verbs Can Be Especially Confusing:
to be:
Joe is American. Non-continuous Verb (Joe is an American citizen.)
Joe is being very American. Continuous Verb (Joe is behaving like a stereotypical American.)
Joe is being very rude. Continuous Verb (Joe is behaving very rudely. Usually he is not rude.)
Joe is being very formal. Continuous Verb (Joe is behaving very formally. Usually he is not formal.)
NOTICE: Only rarely is "to be" used in a continuous form. This is most commonly done when a person is temporarily behaving badly or stereotypically. It can also be used when someone's behavior is noticeably different.
to feel:
The massage feels great. Non-continuous Verb (The massage has a pleasing feeling.)
I don't feel well today. Continuous or Non-continuous Verb I am not feeling well today. (I am a little sick.)
NOTICE: Feel is very flexible and there is no difference in meaning in the two sentences above.)
5) To dispense: (verb) dispensed/dispensed: if a machine dispenses something such as food, drink, or money, it gives it to you
e.g There is a vending machine on the platform that dispenses snacks.
6) Recipient: (noun) someone who receives something
7) Charity shop (noun):U.K. store raising money for charity: a store that sells secondhand goods to raise money for a charity;
8) Chain: commerce businesses under one management or ownership: a number of stores, hotels, restaurants, or other businesses that are owned by the same company and offer similar goods or services but are found in different locations;
e.g) Walmart is a large supermarket chain.
9) Pioneered by (passive voice) / the verb is "to pioneer" - Someone who pioneers a new activity, invention, or process is one of the first people to do it. You can also refer to them as a pioneer of it.
e,g: Professor Alec Jeffreys was the one who invented and pioneered DNA tests. / Doctor Zerbini pioneered heart transplants in Brazil.
"This is a story about four people named Everybody, Somebody, Anybody and Nobody.
There was an important job to be done and Everybody was sure that Somebody would do it. Anybody could have done it, but Nobody did it. Somebody got angry about that, because it was Everybody's job. Everybody thought Anybody could do it, but Nobody realised that Everybody wouldn't do it. It ended up that Everybody blamed Somebody when Nobody did what Anybody could have."
Is honesty the best policy? : Dear students, the following post will certainly help you understand the text. So as to see other ways to use the vocabulary, consult www.onelook.com, especially Cambridge dictionary. Apply yourself to this taks and let's get the most from it! You need to help your English become more advanced!
1) Have you numbered the lines of the text? If not, do so!
1) Policy: a program of actions adopted by a person, group, or government, or the set of principles on which they are based
e.g: It's CEI's policy to punish the students who don't hand in their homework in time.
4) Heartwarming (adjective): (especially of an event, action or story) seeming to be something positive and good and therefore causing feelings of pleasure and happiness.
JOHANNESBURG — When the Brazilian legend Pelé scored his landmark 1,000th career goal on Nov. 19, 1969, the soccer ball was not the only thing to go into the net.
The Times's soccer blog has the 2010 World Cup covered from all angles, with news, features and live analysis of every match.
When Pelé scored his 1,000th career goal on Nov. 19, 1969, Brazilian journalists stormed the field.
Video of the celebrative moment at Rio de Janeiro’s Maracanã stadium shows Pelé going into the goal to retrieve the ball and reporters going into the goal to retrieve Pelé.
In soccer-mad Brazil, radio and television reporters stand behind the goals and along the sideline during matches. Technically, they are restricted to interviewing players before matches, at halftime and after the final whistle. But sometimes they get a few comments after goals are scored or when players receive red-card ejections. Once, they were even known to follow Pelé into the shower.
“In Brazil, everything is possible,” said Jorge Baptista, a Portuguese television commentator who is the press officer at Ellis Park Stadium here during the World Cup, where the rules are much stricter.
During the World Cup, photographers are allowed near the field, but reporters are not. They must sit in the press area and wait to interview players in a postgame scrum called the mixed zone.
For some matches, mostly not involving Brazil, it is even worse for the country’s febrile radio and television commentators: seating for members of the news media is limited, so they must do their jobs not in the stadiums but while watching a television screen at the International Broadcast Center here.
“This is very cold,” said Reinaldo Costa, a Brazilian radio commentator who has been in the business for 41 of his 58 years. “The main thing is the emotion on the pitch. When you don’t have this, you can’t tell it to your listener. In the previous days, it was more romantic, like you were participating in the history of the game.”
Some restrictions seem unavoidable. Television networks that pay millions of dollars in rights fees want some exclusivity of access in return. Also,, thousands of journalists are covering the World Cup. It would be a logistical and security nightmare if every one of them tried to stand around the field.
“The idea is to give equal opportunity to everybody,” Baptista said. “If you invite chaos, you will have chaos.”
Dunga, Brazil’s no-nonsense coach, has also limited daily access to his players to news conferences instead of individual interviews. And he has restricted media access to practices, which are frequently broadcast live.
This is not going over well with radio stations that have hours of time to fill each day during the tournament. Globo, the Brazilian television rights holder, briefly quit calling Dunga by name after he had a spat with one of its journalists and began referring to him only as Brazil’s coach, Reuters reported last week.
Dunga battles constantly with the Brazilian news media, which criticize him for fielding a team too reliant on muscle and not enough on beauty. But he knows the criticism will be far harsher if he does not bring home Brazil’s sixth World Cup trophy. So he sticks to his methods, making sure his players are rested and not distracted.
“They say Dunga doesn’t allow them to interview,” he said after Brazil defeated Chile, 3-0, on Monday, advancing to Friday’s quarterfinals against the Netherlands. “We have to think about nutrition, recovery, relaxing.”
At the same time, Brazilian fans are losing some of the immediacy they have historically enjoyed in following their favorite sport. Brazil won its first two World Cups in 1958 and 1962, when relatively few people in the country had televisions, making radio a vital and traditional way of consuming soccer.
“TV and the Internet, they can change many things, but there is still the habit of listening to soccer on the radio,” said Andre Kfouri, a journalist for ESPN Brasil. “It’s like baseball in the U.S. Fans like the way they call soccer on the radio. It is a lot faster; you have to create emotion.”
In the Brazilian league, separation between players and reporters is sometimes nonexistent during a match. Andre Henning, a television commentator who has spent much of his career in radio, said he once was speaking to a player who had been ejected after a fight, only to have the scuffle begin anew during the interview.
Players who are named man of the match sometimes receive radios as a reward from a sponsoring station. Those who score three goals in a match can request a song that will be played in their honor on a popular television program called “Fantástico.”
Minutes away from being eliminated from the World Cup, the U.S. team advanced to the knockout round and won its group when Landon Donovan scored during the first minute of stoppage time. The U.S. next plays Ghana on Saturday.
World Cup Recap - Brazil vs. Ivory Coast
(Sunday, June 20th)
Final Score: Brazil 3, Ivory Coast 1
Johannesburg, South Africa (Sports Network) - Luis Fabiano had two goals and Elano scored in his second straight match, helping Brazil secure a spot in the knockout round of the FIFA World Cup with a 3-1 win Sunday over Ivory Coast.
Fabiano scored in the 25th and 50th minutes, and Elano added the third goal in the 62nd minute at Soccer City Stadium, as Brazil sealed its 11th-straight appearance in the knockout stage.
Brazil opened with a 2-1 win over North Korea and leads Group G with two wins. Ivory Coast and Portugal have one point apiece. Portugal plays North Korea on Monday to wrap up the second round of Group G matches.
Brazil controlled the game from the opening minute when Robinho fired high on a 35-yard blast to set the tone. Gilberto Silva and Robinho followed with two quick shots in the 19th, but the first was deflected and the latter went well high.
Fabiano handed Brazil the lead inside 25 minutes, finishing a short pass from Kaka to open the scoring. Kaka was lucky to maintain possession just outside the penalty area and slid a pass through Ivory Coast defenders Siaka Tiene and Kolo Toure to send Fabiano into the box.
Fabiano fired into the top-right corner from a tight angle to finish the play, and was on target again five minutes into the second half as Brazil started to dominate the match.
Fabiano was a bit lucky on his second goal as he used two handballs to set up an otherwise hypnotizing finish. Fabiano initially settled the ball with his left arm with Tiene on his hip, then lifted the ball over Didier Zokora, and lastly juggled the ball over Toure to avoid all three defenders.
He then settled his own final maneuver against Toure by bringing the ball down off his upper arm and fired off goalie Boubacar Barry's fingertips and inside the right post.
Didier Drogba, who started for Ivory Coast, reached a cross from Aruna Dindane with his head in the 54th despite being defended by Maicon and Lucio, but he nodded the ball just inches wide of the right post.
Elano fired wide from 30 yards on the hour mark, and Kaka was denied by Barry after a quick passing combination with Robinho in the 61st as Brazil looked to seal the match.
Elano, who scored in Brazil's 2-1 win over North Korea, added his second goal of the tournament in the 62nd off a nice assist from Kaka, who drove down the left and slanted a cross back to the middle of the box for Elano to finish off from 10 yards.
Ivory Coast's Romaric forced a save by Brazil goalie Julio Cesar in the 74th, and Drogba cut the deficit by a goal five minutes later.
Gervinho made a nice run down the left and, without any options, slowed the play down and eventually slipped a pass outside the area to Yaya Toure. Toure lofted a pass into the area, and Drogba headed the ball from 12 yards inside the right post.
Both teams were involved in a scrum late in the match following a challenge by Kaka on Abdul Kader Kaita, who flopped to the ground and grabbed his face even though he was elbowed in the chest.
Kaka was eventually issued a yellow card, his second of the game, and was sent off and will miss Brazil's third group match against Portugal on Friday. Ivory Coast plays its final group match Friday against North Korea.
Question received by e-mail: "What do you call 'colação de grau' in English?"
Answer: commencement.
The "commencement" is a ceremony in which degrees or diplomas are conferred upon graduating students. There's usually a commencement speech/ address. In the USA, important people deliver commencement speeches.
Dear students, these hints may help you study for the test:
EITHER...OR: Use it in positive sentences when you have two alternatives and you may choose only one, not both of them; Either/or means "one or the other." Its usage, versus the simple or structure, is often for emphatic purposes, sometimes intending to emphasize that only one option is possible, or to emphasize that there are only two options.
- She wanted to paint either a landscape or a self-portrait. (She wanted to paint one or the other, but not both.)
The Singular and Plural of It...
Remember: If your element (the words that follow either) is singular, then your verb needs to be singular; if one or both of your elements is plural, then your verb needs to be plural.
Either the dancer or the acrobats are doing the tricks. (One of the subjects is plural, so "are" instead of "is" is used.
Either the clerk or the secretary has the keys to the Rover. ("clerk" (singular), "secretary" (singular), "has" (singular - i.e., not "have");
Another acceptable rule is to agree the verb with the second element:
Either my nephew or my neighbours have made up the story. Either my neighbours or my nephew has made up the story.
Either...or can also be used in other positions:
Either you help me or I’ll tell your parents what you have done. I want either a belt or some money.
You can either study or work.
NOT ONLY ... BUT ALSO:
NOT ONLY... BUT ALSO
Similar to as well as, this strategy can be used to avoid potential confusion when you have too many 'ands', since it groups two ideas into separate 'units'. Notice that no comma is usually placed before the 'but also' in the second part of this structure.
Confusing:
Peach is rich in potassium and sodium and is also an important source of calcium.
Better: Peach is not only rich in potassium and sodium but also is an important source of calcium.
Not only X but also Y: join like (same word form) elements in a sentence. The verb agrees with closest noun. When Not only. . . but also begins a sentence and joins two verbs, the auxillary verb precedes the subject.
NOUNS
Not onlythe moviebut alsothe play was good. (verb agrees with 2nd noun)
I liked not onlythe movie but alsothe play.
MODIFIERS
The actors were not onlyengagingbut alsoskillful in their performances.
The plot moved not onlyswiftlybut alsoartfully throughout the movie.
INFINITIVES & GERUNDS
The directors wanted not onlyto winbut alsoto receive recognition for their work.
The producers ended up not onlyextendingbut also expanding their filming hours.
VERBS
Ebert not onlylikesbut alsorecommends the movie.
Not onlydoes Ebert likebutalsorecommends the movie
Negative Addition / No Preference
NEITHER . . . NOR
EITHER . . . OR
Not X AND NOT Y Note: when Neither . . . nor begins a sentence and joins two verbs, the auxillary verb precedes the subject.
X or Y : indicates no preference, one or the other, or a condition
NOUNS
NOUNS
Neither the movie nor the play was good. (singlar verb form)
Eitherthe movieorthe play was good. I can't remember.
I liked neither the movie nor the play.
I didn't like eitherthe movie or the play. They were both bad.
MODIFIERS
MODIFIERS
The plot was neitherbelievablenorengaging.
The plot was eitherbelievableorunbelievable depending on the viewer's perspective.
The director spoke neither specifically nor excessively about the project.
The director spoke eitherbriefly orexcessively about his project depending on how much free time he had. (one or the other)
INFINITIVES & GERUNDS
INFINITIVES & GERUNDS
The actors tried neitherto overplaynor to underplay their roles.
The actors tried eitherto overplayorto underplay their roles. (I don't know what they did, but it wasn't effective in the movie.) (one or the other)
They objected to the movie neitherfollowing the booknorkeeping the central theme.
They objected to eitherfollowing the bookorkeeping the central theme. (one or the other)
VERBS
VERBS
I neither liked nor would recommend the movie.
Either I like a movie or I hate it. There is nothing in-between. (one or the other)
(May 14) -- The 9-year-old Dutch boy who was the sole survivor of a Libyan plane crash says he's in a lot of pain and can't wait to go home.
Ruben van Assouw remembers nothing of Wednesday's crash, which killed 103 people. He is also not yet aware that his parents -- Patrick, 40, and Trudy, 41 -- and 11-year-old brother, Enzo, were among the victims, the Netherlands' Telegraaf newspaper reported.
"My name is Ruben and I am from Holland," Ruben said in a phone interview with a Telegraaf reporter, using a cell phone belonging to one his doctors at the Tripoli hospital. "I am fine, but my legs hurt a lot. I am in a hospital. ... I don't know how I got here, I don't know anything more. I really want to go home."
A boy who is the sole survivor a plane crash in Libya that killed 103 people has been identified as 9-year-old Ruben van Assouw from the southern Dutch city of Tilburg. He smiled when relatives came to visit him in the hospital Thursday, but officials said he had not yet been told that his parents and older brother are dead.
Dear students, follow the instructions below. Any questions, don't hesitate to contact me: apparrode@uol.com.br
1) I have chosen very short articles, which means your presentation must be completed by you. After you introduce the topic and mention the facts given by your article, you have to add your own impressions about the subject;
2) When making your own topics, avoid overrepeating "I think that..." all the time. It's clear that YOU think what you are going to say;
3) Try not to hesitate too much while speaking, which means that you have to avoid saying "ééééé" and also "like/kind of...etc";
4) Use good vocabulary and grammar stucture as you speak;
5) Ask your classmates a question related to the topic so as to introduce it (eg: Do you guys know what..../how....etc);
6) You must speak for about 7 (seven) minutes so as to be graded on communication.
7) Click on "comments" and leave a message saying which article you've chosen. They cannot be repeated!
8) If you don't like any of the texts, you can still borrow a magazine from the library!
Leave a comment later to say that you've dropped by my place. Thank you.
Advanced Reporting Verbs : If we report what another person has said, we usually do not use the speaker’s exact words (direct speech), but reported (indirect) speech. Therefore, you need to learn how to transform direct speech into reported speech. The structure is a little different depending on whether you want to transform a statement, question or request.
He said, "I live in Paris."
He said he lived in Paris.
He said, "I am cooking dinner."
He said he was cooking dinner.
He said, "I have visted London twice."
He said he had visited London twice.
He said, "I went to New York last week."
He said he had gone to New York the week before.
He said, "I had already eaten."
He said he had already eaten.
He said, "I am going to find a new job."
He said he was going to find a new job.
He said, "I will give Jack a call."
He said he would give Jack a call.
Grammar notes: reported speech
Definition
Reported speech is often also called indirect speech. When we use reported speech, we are usually talking about the past (because obviously the person who spoke originally spoke in the past). The verbs therefore usually have to be in the past too. For example:
"I'm going to the cinema". He said he was going to the cinema.
Basic tense chart
The tenses generally move backwards in this way (the tense on the left changes to the tense on the right):
present simple I'm a teacher.
past simple He said he was a teacher
present continuous I'm having lunch with my parents.
past continuous. He said he was having lunch with his parents.
present perfect simple I've been to France three times.
past perfect simple He said he had been to France three times.
present perfect continuous I've been working very hard.
past perfect continuous He said he had been working very hard.
past simple I bought a new car.
past perfect He said he had bought a new car.
past continuous It was raining earlier.
past perfect continuous He said it had been raining earlier.
past perfect The play had started when I arrived.
past perfect NO CHANGE POSSIBLE
past perfect continuous I'd already been living in London for five years.
past perfect continuous NO CHANGE POSSIBLE
Other verb forms
Other verb forms also sometimes change:
will I'll come and see you soon.
would He said he would come and see me soon.
can I can swim under water for two minutes.
could He said he could swim under water for two minutes.
must All tickets must be bought in advance.
had to He said that all tickets had to be bought in advance.
shall What shall we do about it?
should He asked what we should do about it.
may May I smoke?
might He asked if he might smoke.
Things are slightly more complicated with imperatives.
positive imperative Shut up!
tell + infinitive He told me to shut up.
negative imperative Don't do that again!
tell + not + infinitive He told me not to do it again.
imperatives as requests Please give me some money.
ask + infinitive He asked me to give him some money.
Dear pupils, we had power failure last class, so this means that we need to study even harder for the next one! Please, copy the homework and be well prepared for the oral quiz.
March 11th, 2010
1)Practise your English so as to do well in communication.
2)Study the quantifiers better and make sure you have done all the exercises of Box 5.
3)Study and practice the words you learned today.
4)Start memorizing the opposites.
5)Read all the questions for the opposites and circle what you don’t know.
Dani, you asked me to help you out with the vocabulary related to your wedding. So, check out this post!
Wedding vocabulary:
A bride is a female who is getting married. In a white wedding, she usually wears a white wedding gown(wedding dress), a veil (a piece of see-through cloth attached to the top of the head) and carries a flower bouquet.
A bridegroom is a male who is getting married. In the US, the groom usually wears a dark-coloured suit in the day or tuxedo in the evening during the wedding ceremony. He will sign a marriage certificate or a marriage licence with the bride.
A Flower girl typically walks in front of the bride during an entrance processional and she may spread flower petals on the floor before the bride or carries a bouquet.
A Page boy or a ringbearer is the male version of the flower girl, except that he carries a large white satin pillow with the rings lying on it.
Michael Jackson was unquestionably the biggest pop star of the '80s, and certainly one of the most popular recording artists of all time.
Probably no celebrity has been as revered and reviled over the past 40 years as Jackson, 50, who died Thursday in Los Angeles, according to the Associated Press. The troubled, reclusive star was rushed to UCLA Medical Center by paramedics responding to a call from his home at about 12:30 p.m.
Around the country and the world Friday, legions of grief-stricken fans of the King of Pop mourned the sudden death of Michael Jackson with spontaneous flower-laden memorials and emotional tributes, as the autopsy to determine the cause of his mysterious death was underwayin Los Angeles. From Sydney to Hong Kong, China to Los Angeles, fans spoke of their shock and sadness. They gathered outside left flowers and a teddy bear outside his childhood home in Gary, Ind.
Immediately after Jackson's death was confirmed, a confection of impromptu tributes burst around the country and the world. Fans gathered near the UCLA Medical Center to remember the good times.
The cause of Jackson's death was not immediately announced, nor were circumstances surrounding it. Jackson was not breathing when Los Angeles Fire Department paramedics got to his Los Angeles home.
His career was certainly a thriller, but his life was a story of epic proportions as well, from childhood fame to superstardom to financial troubles, accusations of child molestation and increasing isolation.
The child prodigy
Jackson began singing at age 5 with his four older brothers, winning local talent contests in their hometown of Gary, Ind. Eventually, the brothers formed the Jackson 5 and began playing professional gigs in venues across the Midwest.
The defendant
In recent years, Jackson spent far more time in court than on stage. In addition to assorted civil lawsuits over concerts and other business arrangements that fell apart, Jackson was most notoriously entangled in the legal system over accusations of sexual misconduct with children.
In 1993 he was accused of molesting a 13-year-old boy and settled the civil suit filed by the child's family for a reported $22 million. The boy in question refused to cooperate with investigators, who then never filed charges because of lack of evidence.
Jackson was accused again in 2003 by a 13-year-old companion who was filmed in interviews for the documentary Living With Michael Jackson, holding hands and talking about sleeping in the same room. The friendship ended when child-welfare investigators looked into the relationship, and the boy and his family accused the singer of sexually mistreating him. The trial (pictured) became a media circus, though a jury ultimately acquitted him in 2005.
The humanitarian
Jackson had a huge soft spot for charitable causes. He gave millions of his own money and helped raise millions more to support advocacy groups ranging from the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation to the American Cancer Society. His efforts prompted a listing in the 2000 Guinness Book of World Records for most charities supported by a pop star.
He donated $1.5 million to a burn center, the proceeds from a settlement he received from PepsiCo after sustaining second-degree burns to his scalp while filming a 1984 TV commercial for the soft-drink giant. Later that year, he donated an additional $5 million to charity from his share of the Jackson 5's Victory Tour. Also that year, he was honored by President Reagan for his contributions to combat drug and alcohol abuse.
Jackson also co-wrote with Lionel RichieWe Are the World, the star-laden 1985 single that sold 20 million copies, raising millions for famine relief. He reprised the song (pictured) at London's World Music Awards in 2006.
Yet for all he gave away and the estimated $1 billion he grossed over his career, Jackson faced a series of cash crunches in recent years. In 2005, he owed an estimated $300 million to creditors and, a year later, closed the main house of his Neverland Ranch to cut costs.
The superstar
Jackson launched a solo career in 1972, not long after the Jackson 5's I Want You Back scaled the charts, though his first release was the modest-selling Got to Be There. He generated more sizzle with 1979's Off the Wall. But it was 1982's Thriller that provided Jackson his breakthrough. Thriller dominated music sales for the next two years, becoming the world's best-selling album of all time. Jackson could never duplicate Thriller's success, but his 1987 release, Bad, generated several hits. Through his career, the King of Pop won 13 Grammys and had 13 No. 1 hits. All told, Jackson sold 750 million albums.
Dear students (BOOK I - Lesson 5/06:15 pm - 2011), the following is some information about Juscelino Kubitscheck to help you answer the question of the Book. Please, click on "comment" after the post, and leave a comment to show me that you have read it. Good luck and contact me if you have any questions. - Andréa Parrode.
Tiradentes was born in 1746, in a village then called Sao Jose (today the city is called 
Question received by e-mail: "What do you call 'colação de grau' in English?"
06:30 STUDENTS: The test is going to start at 6 o'clock! (Canada)
Peach is rich in potassium 
ANDRÉA PARRODE - 2010 - BOOK I - LESSON 6 6:30pm
